Posts Tagged ‘TV’

May 27th, 2009

Does TV advertising drive web site traffic?

The answer to this question is a resounding yes. In my experience  - and if you are running optimised TV activity - then you can expect to see web response rates to TV activity of between 0.1% and 1% (measured as site visits/TV impacts).  That’s between 1,000 and 10,000 site visits per 1 million TV impacts.  This is much higher than traditional phone-based DRTV where a good response rate is around 0.05%, with weaker campaigns performing at 0.005% or even less.  Of course one could argue that a click is a much less committed response than a person to person phone call and this is generally reflected in a much lower online conversion rate from click to sale.

What do these web response rates this mean from a cost efficiency point of view? If you are paying a £3.00 CPM for TV impacts then 1 million TV impacts will cost £3,000. At a 0.5% site visit rate from TV, we’d see 5,000 site visits. This gives a cost per visit of £0.60 (60p) each. That’s a reasonable cost per click when compared to online sources of click traffic - especially search engines.

The challenge  is to make sure that the clicks you generate from TV are high quality clicks, but this is becoming easier as TV fragments and targeting opportunities increase. So how do you optimise TV to web site activity?There are two answers to this question. One is optimising how you select and use TV channels and the other is how you manage traffic when it comes to your site. Were going to look at how you achieve these objectives in a mini series over the next few posts.

May 6th, 2009

Goodbye to Michael Grade (for now)

michael-grade3Right now I should be working on a click path analysis for a client, but I thought I must drop a line about Michael Grade’s impending departure from ITV - an altogether more tempting way of passing a few minutes.  Grade is a scion of one of the UK’s leading media dynasties - a dynasty that includes Lew Grade and Bernie Delfont, and that dynasty’s contribution to entertainment has been massive, through both theatre and television (The Saint, The Persuaders and The Prisoner to name but three cult classics).  But the achievements of the family elders should not be allowed to detract from the achievements of Michael Grade himself.

Michael Grade is the man who bought us the Big Breakfast, Chris Evans, Jonathan Ross, Peter Kay, Big Brother, Time Team, EastEnders, Clive Anderson, Dennis Potter’s Lipstick On Your Collar, Friends, some really cutting edge episodes of Cutting Edge plus many other land mark events in UK television such as Football Italia and the financial backing of Four Weddings.  But as well as providing support for new editorial ventures, he was also commercially successful.  He found the perfect balance between editorial and commercial imperatives and guided the Channel into its most commercially successful years.  TV thrives on a virtuous circle of great programmes delivering strong audiences which attract good commercial revenue.  Grade placed Channel Four firmly on that upward circle.

The fact that Michael Grade cannot now crack ITVs problems is not a reflection on his ability, but an indicator of the scale of ITV’s problems.  TV is in stormy water. Just as the talkies took over from the silents and the small screen took over from the big screen, and just as video almost squashed cinema and as cinema underwent a resurgence, so television is now having to ride the heavy seas of change.  In these circumstances it needs a strong and visionary navigator at the helm.  Unfortunately, talk of Grade’s replacement inevitably includes the old “merry -go-round” of senior TV executives, but for me none of these will do. To survive, ITV must look forward not backwards to the glory days, it must find a new definition of what it stands for and it must find a new way of monetising content across multiple platforms.  These issues require experience from beyond the cosy world of television. To survive, ITV must go outside TV and into the wider communications market for its next leader.

Perhaps Grade is drawing on his family’s theatrical heritage and following that old dictum of the boards; leave the stage with them wanting more.  One possible error is that he may have left that bit slightly too late.

March 10th, 2009

A small step for Channel Four and a giant leap for TV?

So, Channel Four is to monetize its content on YouTube and Bebo by running pre-roll ads on their programme clips. This is interesting stuff. In a month when UK broadcasters have had to stomach some big doses of bad news, here is some light at the end of the tunnel. There’s a mutual raison d’etre here. Social media giants like YouTube have to find ways of monetising their content before investors start to lose patience and broadcasters like Channel Four need to find ways of monetizing their content before they fall even deeper into financial trouble.

The digital age is an age of partnerships where one time enemies can, and sometimes must, become friends. To succeed companies need to see old competitors as new companions. Rather than scrapping over content ownership and rights (another social media story today), it looks like Channel Four and YouTube are trying to make it work in the brave new world. Of course, this move won’t solve all Channel Four’s strategic and financial problems but it is the kind of creative thinking that’s going to be required to get broadcasters and social media platforms through these troubled times

On a separate but not unrelated point, it’s interesting to note that today ITV has announced it is parting company with its head of online revenue. Sometimes what these guys do behind the scenes is as interesting as the programmes they transmit.

January 5th, 2009

Sarkozy’s TV advertising ban and the BBC funding debate

French President Nicolas Sarkozy’s recent move to ban commercial advertising from state TV channels during peak time adds some colour to the debate about funding the BBC in the UK, albeit in reverse order. When recently asked whether the BBC should be allowed to carry advertising my answer was ‘no’, not because I share Sarkozy’s views on the beauty of ad free state broadcasting, but because such a move would be financially disastrous for the existing commercial broadcasters in the UK. Here’s why:

Firstly, adding the BBC to the commercial airtime market would be catastrophic for existing broadcasters, forcing many into financial ruin. According to Ofcom, the UK TV market was worth around £3.16bn in 2007. Broadly speaking, TV companies aim to take a share of advertising revenue that roughly matches their share viewing. The BBC took a viewing share of around 28.5% share of viewing in December (BARB). So if the BBC were to take a similar share of the UK’s annual TV spend then it would take around £900m in advertising revenue. But the market wouldn’t necessarily grow to accommodate this, in fact all the evidence suggests that the TV market is in terminal decline with Ofcom warning the market could actually dry up by 2020. So the BBC’s £900m would have to come from the existing (and declining) £3.16bn currently being taken by the UK’s commercial broadcasters. Unfortunately, the UK’s traditional terrestrial broadcasters are not in a position to be generous to the tune of £900m. They are enduring tough times. In the last financial year (2007) ITV reported profits of £188m (down 35% on 2006) and Channel Four lost £8.8m (down from £14m in 2006). So you can see that taking £900m revenue from existing UK commercial broadcasters would completely wipe out all existing profits and leave them staring at bankruptcy.

Secondly, the BBC’s potential advertising income falls way too short of its current licence fee income to be a viable alternative. The £900m the BBC might hypothetically generate from its 28.5% share of the TV advertising market is only around one third of the £3.2bn it currently receives in licence fee income. In fact, as we have seen, the total UK TV market is worth around £3.16bn, almost exactly the amount the BBC gets to run itself annually. Even if the BBC ad sales machine were so successful that it were able to generate a level income equating to double its 28.5% viewing share, that would still not be enough to finance the Corporation.

There has been a counter argument to these views stating that allowing the BBC to carry advertising would make advertising cheaper overall therefore encourage more advertisers to use TV and expand the overall size of the TV advertising revenue “cake”. But this is a fallacy for three reasons. First, advertising could not become cheaper because the broadcasters could not survive if their yield (£ income per viewer) and margins fell further; they wouldn’t exist so any cost reduction / market expansion arguments are rendered purely hypothetical. Secondly, there are cost entry barriers to TV advertising. TV commercials are expensive to make the availability of cheap airtime may not bring TV advertising into the reach of smaller advertisers. And thirdly, any ad budgets looking for a new home are likely to find a more than satisfactory reception on the Internet where short term tactical pay back is much higher than on TV.

March 17th, 2008

Search Marketing: A new era for TV effectiveness?

For many years TV advertising has struggled to present convincing arguments about its effectiveness. Whilst it has been possible to show the linkage between TV activity and advertising awareness, it has been far more difficult to identify and statistically explain a causal relationship between TV advertising and sales.

What’s missing is the numerical stepping stone that forms a quantifiable link between TV advertising and sales response. If such a measure were in place, it would become easier to create and cross the “bridge” between TV advertising and attributable sales - and to build compelling arguments for TV advertising in the Digital Age.

Search traffic data may now be providing this bridge. There is increasing and compelling evidence that TV advertising drives search traffic and that the linkages are highly quantifiable. For example, the AA have teamed up with Hitwise and i-Level to contribute the ‘Hitwise UK Media Impact Report‘. This report contains two case studies, from the AA and Sky, which build on the TV advertising to Search traffic argument.

The effect of TV advertising on search metrics may be as deep as it is potentially broad; There is evidence that TV advertising affects conversion metrics within search activity. When these effects are quantified they can produce dramatic ROI results. For example, if TV advertising increases a) search volumes b) conversion rates from click to bona fide lead c) conversion to sale and d) sales value, then the argument for TV advertising becomes extremely compelling. In fact, the sorts of uplifts that are being reported against these deeper metrics are at the levels that can make a TV campaign potentially self-funding.

Whilst many in the marketing community discuss ‘either or’ arguments about TV advertising and search marketing, they may be more amply rewarded if they move to a synchronisation point of view. TV advertising and search marketing may be so closely linked that we embark on a new era of TV effectiveness.

August 30th, 2007

Hulu: Will it work?

Hulu is the new “YouTube2″ from media giants NewsCorp and NBC Universal. It will be the online home of quality TV content such as 24, The Office and The Simpsons. Apart from “where do they get that name?”, the online world is asking the question, will Hulu take off?

A quick look at today’s ‘most popular’ on YouTube tells us that both user generated and ‘corporate’ generated TV content are happy bedfellows. Corporate content runs through many of the most popular clips, though in virtually all cases it has been reduced to snippets or rearranged as a video montage.

As well as being cuts, these popular clips have another tricky characteristic for the likes of NewsCorp and NBC Universal: they are short, often just a few minutes long. This is because YouTube uploaders know what YouTube viewers want. When people use YouTube they are in a particular mindset; they are looking for immediate results; that moment when… Viewers are often not interested in the ten minutes before or the ten minutes after the key moment.

In my view, watching TV programmes is something altogether different. TV programmes are longer and made to make us relax. Plots are skilfully built and delivered in a linear fashion to keep us riveted to the screen. We must sit until the end of the programme to get the reveal. These programmes are designed to distract us over time. That’s why time flies when we watch good television.

It is true that convenience could be the blue touchpaper of Hulu’s success. YouTube has trained us to expect something different; something more convenient. It has shown us that we can get the content we want when we want it. It has given us the freedom to schedule for ourselves in the same way we have scheduled non-broadcast media for decades. This training from YouTube is a great asset for Hulu.

So can Hulu work? I think the answer to this is platform driven. YouTube is currently a PC based web application. Can the mindset that seeks online convenience be distracted by the same thing for 30 minutes or more? Is the PC or laptop the right platform to engage at this level? I’m not so sure. But in the medium term, if IPTV takes off and the Internet makes it onto the 28″ screen, then Hulu could be a phenomenal success.